From the ashes of World War II arose a new branch of the United States military that would take to the skies and forever change the nature of war: the U.S. Air Force, established on 18 September 1947. Integral to the tactical execution and extraordinary successes of the Air Force are the Combat Control Teams (CCTs), a group with a storied history and a legacy of valor stretching from the battlefields of World War II to the modern theaters of the Global War on Terror.
The origin of Combat Control Teams can be traced back to the pathfinders of World War II, those who guided paratroopers into battle. Following the war, these pathfinders evolved into CCTs, officially activated in January 1953. Their mission was to provide navigational aids and air traffic control, ensuring the efficacy and safety of growing airlift forces.
Throughout the decades, CCTs have distinguished themselves in numerous conflicts. They served with distinction during the evacuation of Vietnam and Cambodia, and were an instrumental force in operations during the Lebanon crisis (Jul-Oct ’58), the Congo crisis (Jul-Oct ’60), the Cuban crisis (Sep ’62), and the China-India confrontation (Nov ’62 – Sep ’63). Moreover, CCTs have been deeply embedded in the Global War on Terror, playing vital roles in high-stakes environments across the globe.
During the Gulf War, CCTs were at the forefront of Operation Desert Shield and Desert Storm, controlling air traffic, and guiding air-to-ground operations that were pivotal in liberating Kuwait. They provided indispensable support during the humanitarian crises that followed, managing the flow of aid to Kurdish refugees.
These teams are not just participants in warfare; they are highly trained, elite forces whose unique capabilities allow them to engage in tasks such as establishing assault zones, conducting fire support, and managing complex air traffic control in hostile environments. Their rigorous training culminates in the honor of wearing the scarlet beret, a symbol of their dedication and skill.
The Global War on Terror underscored the vital role of CCTs, with 8 out of 11 Air Force Crosses awarded for extraordinary heroism in combat since 2001 going to Combat Controllers. One such hero, Technical Sergeant John Chapman, was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor, marking the first time a CCT had received the nation’s highest military decoration for valor.
TSgt Chapman’s bravery is emblematic of the CCT creed, “First There,” a testament to their readiness to undertake the most dangerous missions and pave the way for others to follow. CCTs are not just on the battlefield; they are the first in the most perilous situations, adeptly coordinating precision strikes and providing global access to U.S. and allied forces.
Relevant articles:
– Combat Control Foundation, Combat Control Foundation
– Combat Controllers, AF.mil
– Combat Control, afspecialwarfare.com