On a spring day in 1941, the gates of Walt Disney Studios became the frontline of a labor dispute that would leave an indelible mark on Hollywood. Animators, led by Art Babbitt, creator of Goofy, lined up in protest after promises made following the success of “Snow White” fell through and unfair working conditions persisted.
The strike was sparked by the creators’ growing dissatisfaction over inequities in pay and working conditions, despite Disney’s rising success and profits from box-office hits like “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.” Art Babbitt, a star among Disney’s animators, openly criticized the company’s practices and became a poignant figure in the unionization efforts.
According to an NPR report, “[Walt Disney’s] sense of loyalty had kind of been shattered when Art Babbitt wants to bring in an independent union into the studio.” The company, unbeknownst to the animators, was facing financial strain due to World War II’s impact on European markets and the underperformance of subsequent films like “Pinocchio” and “Fantasia.” Despite this, Disney opted not to disclose the company’s challenges, which might have swayed opinions, for fear of appearing weak.
Jake Friedman, an animator and author, noted, “If he had leveled with them, I have no doubt that he would have won more over. I think he was probably afraid to show weakness.”
Disney animators picketed with some of the “coolest picket signs,” including ones that featured beloved Disney characters voicing support for the strike. The animators’ wit and artistry were on full display even during this serious confrontation. One sign featured Pluto with the message, “I’ve got a bone to pick with Walt,” while another showcased Goofy stating, “Even I can see that something’s wrong here.”
The divide deepened, and Disney fired Babbitt on May 27, 1941. The strike commenced the next day, setting off a five-week stand-off that drew the attention of the White House and President Franklin Roosevelt. The strike ended after federal intervention, with Disney agreeing to recognize the Screen Cartoonists Guild and conceding to various demands, including pay increases, back pay, and sick leave, as well as rehiring those wishing to return.
Relevant articles:
– ‘The Disney Revolt’ details animators’ 1941 strike against Disney, JULY 19, 2022